發佈於20th May 2012
修改於5th Nov 2023
Sika a Wɔde Mfomso Di Dwuma
Ɛdenam sika pii a wɔyɛ wɔ afe no mu nyinaa so no, hokwan ahorow no wɔ hɔ bere nyinaa. Mfomso ahorow bi wɔ hɔ a ɛkɔ so bere a wɔreyɛ sika a ɛyɛ mfiri anaa nnipa mfomso. Saa mfomso ahorow yi na wɔfrɛɛ no “mint mfomso”. Mfomso sika pue wɔ nsusuwii ahorow, akɛse, ahorow, ne ahorow ahorow mu. Sika dodow no ara fa nneɛma pii a ɛfata a wɔde di dwuma mu na sika dodow no ara a mfomso wom no da adi denam ne su so anaasɛ sika a wɔde yɛ adwuma a wobu akontaa sɛ wɔbɛkyekyere ne nneɛma a wɔawie no.
Sɛ wohu sɛ sika no wɔ adwini a ɛnteɛ anaasɛ sɛ sika mfiri no antumi anyɛ adwuma yiye na akyeakyea a, na wɔsan de sika no nyinaa gu nwene mu. Nanso, sika a ɛyɛ aniwu binom da so ara di so sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wobetumi ahu na wɔanhyɛ da na wɔde ma ma wɔde di dwuma. Wɔde adetɔfo a wɔboaboaa mfomso sika ano no di dwuma de san de san ma wɔsan de tua ho ka anaasɛ wɔde besi ananmu. Wɔn a wɔboaboa sika ano pii de anigye hwehwɛ saa mfomso sika anaa nhwɛsode ahorow a mfomso wom yi esiane sɛ ɛntaa nsi nti.
Ase hɔ no yɛ sika a mfomso kɛse wom a wɔakyekyɛ wɔ gua so no bi:
Broadstrikes a wɔde di dwuma
Broadstrikes kyerɛ mfomso bere a wɔbɔ sika bi sɛ sika planchet a ɛnyɛ hwee na wɔde kɔ kɔla mu. Kɔla no kata planchet no ho bere a dies no boro no, na wɔde planchet no mia kɔla no so wɔ saa kwan yi so, na ɛma sika no su ne sɛnea wɔayɛ no. Sɛ kɔla no mfata anaasɛ ɛnhyehyɛ no yiye a, ɛnde sika a wɔyɛ no, ɛnyɛ ne nsusuwii.
· Off-Centre Struck Sika a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma
Ɛtaa ba bere a wɔamfa sika a ɛda hɔ kwa no ankɔ sika a wɔde tintim ade no mu yiye, na wɔbɔ planchet no fã bi pɛ no. Na mfomso biara gu ahorow, na wosusuw ho sɛ ɛyɛ n’afã titiriw: sika a wɔayɛ no dodow a wotumi hu wɔ baabi a nhyehyɛe a ɛwɔ mfinimfini no wɔ wɔ dɔn bi ho. Ná sika a wɔayɛ ho mfonini no bɛyɛ mfinimfini 2:00. Wɔn a wɔboaboa sika ano no binom yɛ dɔn a sika a ɛfata a ɛwɔ mfinimfini na ɛyɛ dɔnhwerew biara wɔ ne dial anim.
Kɔtɔ ade mprempren na woanya $10 wɔ nea edi kan a wobɛtɔ no so
Sika a Wɔabɔ Mmienu ne Mpɛn pii
Mfomso a ɛba wɔ ɔhwe mmɔho abien mu no betumi ayɛ tebea horow pii nkɛntɛnso, a ebetumi aba afi owu biako mu. Sɛ wɔbɔ sika bi a, na wobetumi abɔ mpɛn pii nso, afei ahuruw afi pon so wosow so akɔ ɔkwan foforo a wɔfa so wu so. Ahoɔhare a wɔtaa de yɛ no yɛ mprenu wɔ sekan biara mu; eyi yɛ ɔkwan a wobɛfa so, sɛnea nhyehyɛe afoforo te no. Saa mfomso yi ne nea wogye tom kɛse wɔ wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano no mu na ɛno na ɛtwetwe adwene kɛse.
Nnipa baanu a Wɔaware
Nnipa baanu a wɔaware yɛ saa mfomso sika a ɛyɛ soronko a ɛsɛ sɛ wohu no mu biako. Eyinom bi ne planchet anaa sika kɔkɔɔ abien a wɔabɔ wɔ sika no press mu bere koro no ara mu a ɛde mfomso ahorow ba sika biara so.
Brockages a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
Ɛwɔ afã abien a ɛho hia: sika a wɔde hyɛ mu ne planchet a ɛma mfomso ahorow ba sika biara mu.
Capped Dies a Ɔwu
Capped die error ba bere a sika a wɔabɔ no akɔhyɛ sika a ɛwɔ soro no so no. Saa sika yi bɛyɛ die no anim na wɔbɛfrɛ no die sika a wɔakata so. Sɛ wɔde sika a edi hɔ a ɛda hɔ kwa no si kɔla no so ma wɔbɔ a, na sika a wɔabɔ no nnansa yi ara no begyina mfomso a ɛwɔ brockage no ano.
· Nneɛma a wɔde ko tia brockage
Nea ebefi mfomso a ɛte saa mu aba bɛyɛ ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ ade a kyɛw no anim bɛyɛ incuse brockage. Sɛ nnansa yi blank bi a wɔde incuse brockage mfonini a ɛte saa abɔ cap die yi a, wɔbɛma anim no so na wɔatrɛw mfonini no mu afi saa incuse pattern a ɛwɔ cap no mu no mu.
· Nsɛm a wɔde hyɛ mu
Indents yɛ mfomso ahorow a ɛba bere a wɔde sika a wɔde ahyɛ mu abien a ɛtoatoa so asisi kɔla biako mu a sika foforo wɔ soro no. Sɛ soro die no bɔ a, ɛde awerɛhow ba sika no so na ɛyɛɛ sika no a ɛda hɔ kwa no twaa soro no ho hyia.
Metal a ɛnteɛ/Planchet Mfomso a ɛnteɛ
Mfomso a ɛnteɛ a ɛba dade sika mu bere a wɔde sika a ɛda hɔ kwa ma sika bi kɔma sika no press kɔma sika afoforo no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, wɔde kuntu anaa planchet si sika no tokuru mu de gye dimes. Sika kronkronbea ne beae a wɔreyɛ sika no.
Sika a Wɔabɔ no Nkitahodi
Sika a wɔde abɔ mu no ba sɛ adwinnade a ɛma sika a ɛnyɛ hwee ma sika no press no behyia ɔhaw a. Awiei koraa no, na saa sika yi bɛkyekyere esiane nhyɛso a emu yɛ den a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔhwe mu nti.
Mfomso a Ɛyɛ Mmerewa a Ɛwɔ Strike
Weak strike yɛ sika mu mfomso a ɛtaa ba a ɛda adi bere a wɔde sika a awu no reto hɔ ara kwa na wɔreyɛ ho nhyehyɛe ansa na wɔafi ase de sika a wotumi hu no stamp no. Saa bere yi de, nhyɛso a wɔde di dwuma wɔ sika a wɔde tintim nhoma no so no nkɔ soro sɛnea ɛsɛ wɔ ɔhwe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw a ɛde ba wɔ sika no ho no mu. Ne saa nti, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wontumi nhu sika a wɔde ayɛ no. Weak strike error coins nso yɛ referred die adjustment strikes anaa sɔhwɛ ahorow.
Mfurumpɔnkɔ
Mule yɛ sika mfomso a ɛwɔ akyi ne anim. Nhwɛso biako a wɔtaa yɛ ne sika a wɔde anim mfonini ahorow ayɛ wɔ sika no afã abien no nyinaa. Nhwɛsoɔ foforɔ a ɛwɔ hɔ dada ne 1943 Lincoln cent a ɛwɔ repeal mfonini a ɛyɛ 2001 Lincoln Cent.
Die Nsakrae a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Wɔsan frɛ die adjustment strikes sɛ die sɔhwɛ ahorow. Saa mfomso yi da adi bere a wɔde nhyɛso kakra bɔ sika bi fi mfiri a wɔde tintim nhoma mu no. Sɛ wɔde si hɔ na wɔhyɛ ho mmara wie a, ɔhwe a ɛyɛ mmerɛw soronko da adi bere a ɔhwe nhyɛso no du nea eye sen biara a ebetumi aba no. Wobetumi asɛe eyinom bere a wɔabɔ wɔn akyi na wɔntaa nhu wɔ ɔyare mmoawa mu.
Adanse Mfomso
Adanse mfomso yɛ mfomso ahorow a ɛwɔ adanse sika so ara kwa. Saa mfomso ahorow yi ba wɔ adanse ahorow so sɛ wɔfa ɔkwan soronko bi a wɔfa so hwɛ sɛnea nneɛma te yiye so na ɛhyehyɛ sika a wɔboaboa ano no. Wɔde nsa gyina sika a ɛda hɔ no akyi na wɔde sika a wɔde ayɛ adwuma a ɛtoatoa so na ɛbɔ mprenu. Esiane sɛ sika a ɛho nhia saa nti, sika ho animdefo hwehwɛ sika a mfomso biara nni ho no boro so. Enti, saa mfomso ahorow yi yɛ sika a wɔboaboa ano a ɛboa ma ɛyɛ nwonwa.
Nsakraeɛ Mfomsoɔ
Mfomso a ɛba wɔ nsakrae mu ba bere a wɔde sika a ɛda hɔ a dade ahorow ahorow wom a efi mfe a atwam no mu kɔma nea wɔde mia sika a wɔde tintim nneɛma no. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɛbae sɛ wɔde 1943 cent nsusuwso bi a na wɔkyerɛ sɛ wɔde dade na ɛbɔ no wɔ 1942 kɔbere sika mu (blanks).
Mfomso a Ɛwɔ Asɔre Ahorow Mmienu
Mfomso ahorow a ɛwɔ mint a ɛyɛ abien no da adi bere a ɛba sɛ wɔsan bɔ sika a wɔabɔ no bio denam dies abien bi a wɔde di dwuma ma denomination ahorow ahorow so no. Nhwɛso a edi mũ ne bere a wɔde dies bɔ U.S. Dɔla Sika bi mprenu de gye Lincoln Cent.
Nneɛma a Wɔabɔ no Asinasin
Blanking press no gye coils a punches blanks ne dade strips fi mu, pam webbing, nso. Wɔakyerɛw webbing no asinasin a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔpete na wɔsan yɛ ho adwuma. Ɛntaa mma sɛ wɔde scrap piece bi bɛyɛ assorted ne struck by the dies ne blank planchet. Asinasin a wɔabɔ no yɛ soronko wɔ asɔre a ɛsõ boro so mu. Eyinom betumi awuwu anaasɛ wɔaka afanu no nyinaa abom.
Fold-over Strikes a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Wobu no sɛ mfomso ahorow a ɛyɛ nwonwa sen biara. Ɛda adi bere a blank no gyina hɔ tẽẽ wɔ dies no ntam no. Bere a wɔrebɔ no, tumi a ɛma blank no bobɔw na ɛyɛ kronkron no da nsow. Saa mpopaho yi betumi ayɛ nea wohu wɔ mfinimfini ne akyi, na ɛda adi wɔ nsusuwii ahorow pii mu.
Mfomso a ɛwɔ Adanse Planchets so
Saa mfomso ahorow yi ba bere a wɔde blank bi a efi asɔre biako mu di dwuma a wɔanhyɛ da ayɛ no press ma asɔre foforo no. Sika no bɔɔ baabi a ɛnteɛ na ɔbɛdwennwen nea anka saa sika a ɛwɔ hɔ no bɛyɛ da no ho pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wɔde sika a wɔde bɔ planchet a emu da hɔ na ɛyɛ mfomso kɛse mpo ma dade a egu ahorow.
Folded over sika kɔkɔɔ mfomso
Folded over strike da adi bere a sika planchet anaa blank no si hɔ tẽẽ wɔ akwanhyia mu wɔ kɔla a ɛda ase ne soro die ntam no. Sɛ wɔbɔ a, wɔkyinkyim sika no na ɛyɛ kurukuruwa, nso.
Ɛdenam sika ɔpepem pii a wɔyɛ afe biara so no, hokwan ahorow wɔ hɔ sɛ, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ mfomso ahorow bɛba bere a wɔreyɛ sika no afi mfiri ne nnipa mfomso nyinaa mu. Wɔfrɛ eyinom mint mfomso, mfomso sika ba wɔ ahorow ahorow a ɛsono ne nsusuwii, ne kɛse ne ne su ahorow. Sika fa mmeae ahorow a ɛtrɛw a wɔhwɛ nneɛma a ɛyɛ papa so na sika dodow no ara a mfomso wom no, nea wɔhwɛ so anaasɛ sikakorabea adwumayɛfo a wɔhwɛ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ne nneɛma a wɔawie so na wohu. Sɛ́ ebia wobehu sɛ sika no yɛ nea wɔadi mfomso anaasɛ sika mfiri no ntumi nyɛ adwuma yiye na ɛma wonya sika a wɔakyinkyim anaasɛ wɔabɔ no fã bi no, wɔsan de sika a yɛreka ho asɛm no nyinaa gu nwene mu. Nanso sika a ɛyɛ atoro binom da so ara tumi nya eluding detection na wɔayi no adi wɔ akwanhyia mu kɔ di akɔneaba. Ɛda adi sɛ adetɔfo a wonya mfomso sika no bɛsan de ama ama wɔasan de ama wɔn anaasɛ wɔbɛsesa. Nanso wɔ afoforo fam no, wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano pii de ahopere hwehwɛ saa sika a wɔde di mfomso anaasɛ nhwɛsode ahorow a asɛe yi esiane sɛ wɔntaa nhu nti.
Wɔabobɔ mfomso sika a ɛyɛ nwonwa na ɛho hia sen biara a wɔakyekyɛ wɔ gua so no bi adi wɔ ase hɔ:
Broadstrikes a wɔde di dwuma
Off-Centre Struck Sika a Wɔde Yɛ Nneɛma
Sika a Wɔabɔ Mmienu ne Mpɛn pii
Nnipa baanu a Wɔaware
Brockages a wɔde yɛ nneɛma
Capped Dies a Ɔwu
Counterbrockage a wɔde di dwuma
Nsɛm a wɔde hyɛ mu
Metal a ɛnteɛ/Planchet Mfomso a ɛnteɛ
Sika a Wɔabɔ no Nkitahodi
Mfomso a Ɛyɛ Nwonwa
Mfurumpɔnkɔ
Die Nsakrae a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Adanse Mfomso
Nsakraeɛ Mfomsoɔ
Mfomso a Ɛwɔ Asɔre Ahorow Mmienu
Nneɛma a Wɔabɔ no Asinasin
Fold-over Strikes a Wɔde Yɛ Adwuma
Mfomso a ɛwɔ Adanse Planchets so
Dual Type a Ɛyɛ Abien
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