Hyperinflation Nkɛntɛnso wɔ Sika So

Sika abien ntam nsakrae ho hia yiye, sɛ ɛho hia sɛ wotɔ sika pɔtee bi fi ɔman foforo so anaasɛ wobɔ mmɔden mpo sɛ wobɛyɛ stock speculation a.

Sɛ nhwɛso no, tɔ nkaribo wɔ bo biako so na tɔn akyiri yi na woanya mfaso.

Nanso wɔ saa tebea yi mu no wowɔ ɔtamfo bi a wuntumi nni so, a ɔne nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro no. Wubetumi adi so na obiara ntumi.

Aman binom, te sɛ USA, United Kingdom anaa Australia anhu amane wɔ nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro da nanso aman foforo so no na ɔhaw yi yɛ aniberesɛm wɔ mmere bi mu fi abakɔsɛm mu.

Wɔde sika tɔ nneɛma. Ɛde besi afeha a ɛto so 20 mfiase no, na sika fi dade a wɔde yɛ sika no mu nnyinaso. Na pound yɛ sika kɔkɔɔ sika na na wunim sɛ eyi ne ne bo, a ɛyɛ 7, 9 g. sika kɔkɔɔ a wɔde ayɛ.

Bere a na sika krataa yɛ sika ho sɛnkyerɛnne no, na ade no yɛ ade koro titiriw nanso na nsonsonoe kɛse biako wɔ mu: na ɛnyɛ dade no ankasa bo no na mmom sika dodow a wɔakyerɛw wɔ so ne ahyehyɛde a ɛhyɛ saa sika no ho bɔ.

Sɛ saa ahyehyɛdeɛ no, ɔman no ankasa anaa ɔman sikakorabea no ntumi nhyɛ bɔ sɛ ɛbɛboɔ no a, krataa sika no bɛyɛ adwuma sɛ gua so ade na ɛbɛnya boɔ a ɛsakrasakra.

hyperinflation wɔ sika so

Wɔ saa tebea yi mu no, nsakrae a ɛyɛ nwonwa sii wɔ bere a atwam no mu.

Wɔ Germany no, wɔ 1914 mu, ansa na Wiase Ko I reba no, na Germanfo agyiraehyɛde bi yɛ dwetɛ sika, na sɛ wode agyiraehyɛde 4 di dwuma a, wutumi tɔ US$ 1. Germany nkogudi wɔ 1918 mu ne ɔhaw a ɛfa ɔko a wɔde tua nnipa pii ka ho no maa wogyaee sika kɔkɔɔ agyiraehyɛde no (a egyina sika kɔkɔɔ sika a ɛyɛ agyiraehyɛde 20 so) na wogyee krataa agyiraehyɛde bi toom, a ɔman no hyɛɛ ho bɔ.

Ɔmanfo no hweree ahotoso wɔ krataa sika foforo yi mu na ankyɛ na wɔ 1920 mu no, nneɛma bo kɔɔ soro.

Wɔ afe 1914 mu no, na sika a ɛkorɔn sen biara no yɛ 1000 mark na na ɛne 235 $ yɛ pɛ (wɔ sikakorabea nsɛm mu no, asram 3 akatua a odwumayɛni a wotua no ka yiye nya). Wɔ afe 1922 mu no, na sika kɛseɛ a wɔde kyerɛw no yɛ 100000 marks na wɔ Ɔpɛpɔn 1923 mu no, wɔde ɔpepem mark no baeɛ.

Ná 1923 no boroo biribiara a na wɔhwɛ kwan no so koraa. Wɔ asram 10 pɛ mu no, Germany huu nneɛma bo a ɛkɔɔ soro sen biara wɔ abakɔsɛm mu. Ankyɛ na ebeduu July no, na sika ɔpepem pii no abu so wɔ gua so na bo foforo a wɔde din frɛ no bae. Agyiraehyɛde ɔpepem du (10.000.000.000) puei wɔ September mu. Wɔ November mu no, na nneɛma bo akɔ soro araa ma ɔpepepem no puei (1000 ɔpepepem) na wɔ November da a ɛtɔ so aduonu nnan no, nea ɛkorɔn sen biara no yɛ ɔpepepem 100 (100.000.000.000.000), a na ne bo yɛ $ 5 pɛ wɔ gua so.

Eyi kyerɛ sɛ nneɛma bo kɔɔ soro mmɔho abien nnafua 3,7 biara. Ná sika a wɔde asie no nni mfaso biara. Sika a wɔkora so wɔ wɔn nkwa nna nyinaa mu no bɛyɛɛ nea mfaso nni so wɔ anadwo biako pɛ mu.

Nkɛntɛnso a enyae no yɛɛ nwonwa. Nkurɔfo kɔɔ so yɛɛ adwumaden de srɛɛ sɛ wontua wɔn ka pii. Sɛ paanoo bi yɛ ɔpepem 1 nnɛ na ɛyɛ ɔpepem 2 wɔ Kwasida a, nkurɔfo bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛka akatua no ho asɛm dɔnhwerew biara. Afei nso nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro ne krataa sika no bo a ɛba fam no kyerɛ sɛ, sɛ wonya sika pii a, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛtɔ ade a ne bo yɛ den a, na ehia sɛ wɔde nkrataa pii na mpɛn pii no wɔde kar a wɔde fa nneɛma.

Wɔ 1923 ahohuru bere mu no, Amerikafo akwantufo no mu biako maa yɛn asɛm bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɔtraa ase. Esiane sɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ ɔfa keteke kɔyɛ aban adwuma nti, Germany ɔman sikakorabea no tuaa ne tekiti fi Berlin kɔ Dresda. Wɔde sika a sikakorabea sikakorafo 4 de bae wɔ nkotoku mu no na ɛtɔɔ tekiti no.

Wɔ November 1924 mu no, sikasɛm mu nsakrae bi maa nneɛma bo a ɛkɔɔ soro no baa awiei. Wɔde rentenmark foforo no bae. Saa da no ara, wɔ abɔnten so no, nkurɔfo tow sika dedaw no gu abɔnten na mfonini ahorow a na nwurafo bi reprapra sika kilogram pii wɔ abɔnten so no maa wiase nyinaa kyinkyin.

Wɔ 1945-1946 mu no, Hungary nso nyaa nneɛma bo a ɛkɔɔ soro saa ara. Wɔ 1943-1945 mu no, na sika a ɛkorɔn sen biara a wɔde di dwuma ne pengo 1000, a na ne bo yɛ den wɔ gua so. Russiafo a wɔfaa no ne sika kɔkɔɔ a wɔde asie wɔ Ɔman Sikakorabea no a wɔfaa no maa nneɛma bo kɔɔ soro dodo.

Wɔ 1945 mu, wɔ December mu no, nnipa a wɔpaw wɔn kɛse sen biara ne pengo ɔpepem 10. Na gua so bo da so ara ho hia nanso na tumi a pengo 1000 wɔ wɔ 1943. Wɔ 1946 mu no, tebea no so tew kɛse. Sɛ́ anka nkurɔfo de pengo bedi dwuma no, wofii ase de “pengo ɔpepem” anaa milpengo dii dwuma.

Na 1 milpengo note no yɛ nokwarem no 100000 pengo. Ná din ahorow no san kɔ soro bio. Milpengo 10, 100, 1000, 10000 ne 100000 puei. Ankyɛ na milpengo bi sua dodo sɛ ɛbɛkyerɛkyerɛ bo a ɛsom no mu. Bilpengo no puei, na ne bo yɛ pengo ɔpepepem 1 (pengo 1.000.000.000.000).

Na gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛwɔ bilpengo mu no nnɔɔso. Nnipa a wɔpaw wɔn kɛse sen biara wɔ sikasɛm mu nsakrae da no mu ne “bilpengo ɔpepem biako” anaa 1.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.pengo.

Ná nkɛntɛnso a agye din no yɛ nwonwa. Nkurɔfo hweree ahotoso bere a wɔde ɔpepepem ɔha ɔpepem ɔha tɔɔ paanoo no.

Wɔde Forint no baeɛ wɔ 1 Ɔbɛnem 1946, wɔ 4000000000000000000000000000 pengo dedaw a wɔde bɛyɛ adwuma foforɔ. Wɔ Hungary no, wɔ saa bere yi mu no, nneɛma bo kɔɔ soro mmɔho abien nnɔnhwerew 15 biara, na ɛno ne nneɛma bo a ɛkɔɔ soro kɛse sen biara wɔ abakɔsɛm mu.

Nnansa yi, Yugoslavia wɔ 1990-1994 mu ne Zimbabwe huu ɔhaw a ɛte saa ara. Ɛnyɛ nwonwa pii, aman afoforo wɔ 15-25 % afe biara.

Ɔkwan a eye sen biara a wɔbɛfa so ama nneɛma bo a ɛkɔ soro no aba awiei ne sikasɛm mu nsakrae.

Kɔtɔ mprempren na $10 wɔ wo Adetɔ a edi kan no so